2016年上海高考英语试题解析（word精校版）

2016年上海高考英语试题解析

考生注意：

1.考试时间120分钟,试卷满分150分.

2.本考试设试卷和答题纸两部分.试卷分为第I卷（第1－12页）和第II卷（第13页），全卷共13页.所3.有答题必须涂（选择题）或写（非选择题）在答题纸上，做在试卷上一律不得分.

4.答题前,务必在答题纸上填写准考证号和姓名,并将核对后的条形码贴在指定位置上,在答题纸反而清楚地填写姓名.

第I卷(共103分)

I.ListeningComprehension

SectionA

Directions:InSectionA,youwillheartenshortconversationsbetweentwospeakers.Attheendofeachconversation,aquestionwillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Theconversationsandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaconversationandthequestionaboutit,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaper,anddecidewhichoneisthebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.

1.A.Itissatisfactory.

B.Itisluxurious.

C.Itisold-fashioned.

D.Itisdisappointing.

2.A.OnAugust5th.B.OnAugust6th.C.OnAugust7th.D.OnAugust8th.

3.A.Awaiter.

B.Abutcher.

C.Aporter.

D.Afarmer.

4.A.Inatheatre.B.Inalibrary.

C.Inabookingoffice.

D.Inafurniturestore.

5.A.Sheexpectedtoabettershow.

B.Shecouldhardlyfindherseat.

C.Shewasn’tinterestedintheshow.

D.Shedidn’tgetafavourableseat.

6.A.Thewomanofteneatsoutforbreakfast.

B.Thecafeteriaservesgoodbreakfast.

C.Thewomandoesn’thavebreakfast.

D.Thecafeteriadoesn’tservebreakfast.

7.A.Sellingcucumbers.B.plantingvegetable s.C.Cookingameal.D.pickingtomatoes.

8.A.Themanshouldworkhard.B.Themanshouldturndownthejoboffer.

C.Themanmayhaveanotherchance.D.Themancanapplyforthejobagain.

9.A.Itisahotandsmoggyday.B.ThereisatrafficjamonKingStreet.

C.Avehicleispollutingtheair.D.Themanisreadingareportonline.

10.A.Itsendingisnotgoodenough.B.Itsspecialeffectsarenotsatisfying.

C.Itdeservesanaward.D.Itisgoodexceptforthescarypart.

SectionB

Directions:InSectionB,youwillheartwoshortpassages,andyouwillbeaskedthreequestionsoneachofthepassages.Thepassageswillbereadtwice,butthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Whenyouhearaquestion,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaperanddecidewhichonewouldbethebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.

Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.

11.A.$1B.$2C$3D.$ 52

12.A.pay the bills first.

B.Spend 2% of the salary on living expenses.

C.Deposit $1000 every month.

D.put part of the money in a savings account.

13.A.Methods of saving money.

B.Saving money for family emergencies.

C.The importance of saving money.

D.Secrets of spending money wisely.

Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.

14.A.Free education.

B.A sum of money.

C.Donations from a local newspaper.

D.Gifts from many people.

15.A.Let students in before school.

B.Offer ice cream and coffee.

C.Introduce a bank into the campus.

D.Reduce the traffic jams around.

16.A.It lacks positive news.

B.It should grow into a big city.

C.It is a place worth living in.

D.It remains peaceful and quiet.

SectionC

Directions:InsectionC,youwillheartwolongerconversations.Theconversationswillbereadtwice.Afteryouheareachconversation,youarerequiredtofillinthenumberedblankswiththeinformationyouhaveheard.Writeyouranswersonyouranswersheet.

Blanks17through20arebasedonthefollowingconversation.

Completetheform.WriteONEWORDforeachanswer.

ClassDiary(June13-19)

Blank21through24arebasedonthefollowingconversation.

Completetheform.WriteNOMORETHANTHREEWORDSforeachanswer.

II.GrammarandVocabulary

SectionA

Directions:Afterreadingthepassagesbelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagescoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperform.ofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.

(A)

BagsofLove

Lastyear,Iwasassignedtoworkatanofficenearmymother’shouse,soIstayedwithherforamonth.Duringthattime,Ihelpedoutwiththehouseworkandcontributedtothegroceries.Afterlessthanaweek,Istartednoticingthatthegrocerieswererunningoutprettyquickly—wewerealwayssuddenlyoutofsomething.(25)__(wonder)howmymumcouldconsumethemsoquickly,Ibeganobservingherdailyroutinefortwoweeks.Tomysurprise,Ifoundthatshewouldpackapaperbagfullofcannedgoodsandheadouteverymorningataboutnine.Eventually,Idecidedtofollowherand(26)__happenedtrulyamazedme.Shewastakingthefoodtotherefugeecamp,in(27)_shedistributedittochildren.

Iaskedaroundandfoundoutthatmymumwasverywellknowninthearea.Thekidswereveryfriendlywithherandevenlookeduptoherasifsheweretheirownmother.Thenithitme—whywouldshenotwanttotellmeaboutwhatshe(28)__(do)？WassheworriedabouthowIwouldreactorthatIwouldstop(29)__(buy)thegroceriesifIfoundout？

Whenshegothome,Itoldheraboutmydiscovery.(30)___shecouldreact,Igaveherabighugandtoldhershedidn’tneedtokeepitasecret(31)___me.Shetoldmethatsomeofthechildrenlivedwithanolderladyinashelterwhileotherssleptonthestreets.Foryears,mymumhasbeenhelpingoutbygivingthemwhateverfoodshecouldspare.Iwassoimpressedby(32)___selflessshewas.

【答案】

25.Wondering26.what27.which28.had done29.buying30.Before31.from32.how  

【解析】

试题分析：本文属于记叙文，我在无意中发现妈妈偷偷地帮助难民，赞美了妈妈善良无私的美丽品质.

25.Wondering考查现在分词做状语.动词wonder与本句主语I构成主动关系，所以使用现在分词wondering在句中做状语.

26.what考查主语从句.本句中连接代词what引导主语从句whathappened，并在句中做主语.句意：发生的事情真得让我很惊讶.

27.which考查定语从句.本题定语从句的先行词是therefugeecamp，关系代词which指代先行词在定语从句中作为介词in的宾语，inwhich相当于关系副词where.

28.had done考查时态.根据上下文可知本文介绍的是我被派到妈妈家附近工作，这是过去发生的事情，而妈妈帮助难民是在我来这里工作之前就发生的事情，所以应该使用过去完成时表示过去的过去发生的事情.

29.buying考查动词短语.短语stoptodosth停下了做另外一件事情；stopdoingsth停止做某事；句意：妈

考点：考查语法填空

(B)

Stress:GoodorBad？

Stressusedtobeanalmostunknownword,butnowthatweareusedtotalkingaboutit,Ihavefoundthatpeoplearebeginningtogetstressedaboutbeingstressed.

Inrecentyears,stress(33)____(regard)asacauseofawholerangeofmedicalproblems,fromhighbloodpressuretomentalillness.Butlikesomanyotherthings,itisonlytoomuchstress(34)__doesyouharm.Itistimeyouconsideredthatiftherewerenostressinyourlife,youwouldachievealittle.Ifyouarestuckathomewithnostress,thenyourlevelofperformancewillbelow.Uptoacertainpoint,themorestressyouareunder,the(35)__(good)yourperformancewillbe.Beyondacertainpoint,though,furtherstresswillonlyleadtoexhaustion,illnessandfinallyabreakdown.Youcantellwhenyouareoverthetopandonthedownwardslope,byaskingyourself(36)____numberofquestions.Doyou,forinstance,feelthattoomuchisbeingexpectedof(37)___,andyetfinditimpossibletosayno？Doyoufindyourselfgettingimpatientor(38)____(annoy)withpeopleoverunimportantthings？...Iftheanswertoallthosequestionsisyes,youhadbetter(39)____(control)yourstress,asyouprobablyareundermorestressthanisgoodforyou.

 Tosomeextentyoucancontroltheamountofstressinyourlife.Doctorshaveworkedoutachartshowinghowmuchstressisinvolvedinvariousevents.Gettingmarriedis50,pregnancy40,movinghouse20,Christmas12,etc.Ifthetotalstressinyourlifeisover150,youaretwiceaslikely(40)__(get)ill.

【答案】

33.has been regarded34.that35.better36.a7.you38.annoyed39.control40.to get

【解析】

试题分析：本文是一篇说明文，压力成为了我们生活中常见的一个词汇.文章告诉我们一定范围之内的压力能促进我们的工作，但一旦压力过大，就会给我们的生活带来很多负面的影响.

33.has been regarded考查时态语态.本句的时间状语是inrecentyears最近几年以来，该时间状语通常和现在完成时连用，且句子主语stress与动词regard构成被动关系，所以使用现在完成时的被动语态形式hasbeenregarded.

34.that考查强调句型.强调句型的基本结构为Itis/was被强调成分that/who其它成分；其最大的特点就是去掉itis/was…that/who…句子仍然成立.要注意强调句型能强调除谓语动词以为的所有的句子成分.本句强调的是句子主语onlytoomuchstress.

35.better考查固定句式“The+比较级.....，the+比较级”意为“越....就越.....”.本句句意：你承受的压力越大，你的表现就会越好.所以本空使用good的比较级形式better.

36.a考查固定短语.短语anumberof许多，大量；该形容词短语通常做定语修饰可数名词复数形式，本句中使用anumberof修饰可数名词复数形式questions.

37.you考查上下文串联.句意：例如，你是否感觉到对你期待得太多了？本句的主语是you，所以仍然使用宾格you作为介词of的宾语.

38.annoyed考查形容词.形容词annoyed恼怒的，该词是由过去分词转换而来的形容词，通常修饰人.本句中该词和impatient构成并列关系一起和系动词get构成系表结构.

39.control 考查固定搭配.动词短语hadbetterdosth最好做某事；“hadbetter”是情态动词，后面要接动词原形.www.win789.com

 40.to get考查形容词短语.短语belikelytodosth可能做某事；句意：如果你生活中的压力超过150，你就非常有可能生病了.

考点：考查语法填空

SectionB

Directions:Completethefollowingpassagebyusingthewordsinthebox.Eachwordcanonlybeusedonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.

GoldenRulesofGoodDesign

Whatmakesgooddesign？Overtheyears,designersandartistshavebeentryingto41 theessentialsofgooddesign.Theyhavefoundthatsomesayingscanhelppeopleunderstandtheideasofgooddesign.Therearefourasfollows.

Lessismore.ThissayingisassociatedwiththeGerman-bornarchitectMiesvanderRohe.InhisModernistview,beautyliesinsimplicityandelegance,andtheaimofthedesigneristocreatesolutionstoproblemsthroughthemostefficientmeans.Designshouldavoidunnecessary 42Moreisnotabore.TheAmerican-bornarchitectRobertVenturiconcludedthatifsimplicityisdonebadly,theresultis43design.post-Modernistdesignersbeganto44withdecorationandcoloragain.productdesignwasheavilyinfluencedbythisviewandcanbeseeninkitchen45suchasovensandkettles.

Fitnessforpurpose.Successfulproductdesigntakesintoconsiderationaproduct’sfunction,purpose,shape,form,color,andsoon.Themostimportantresultfortheuseristhattheproductdoeswhatis46.Forexample,thinkofa(n)47desklamp.Itneedstobeconstructedfrommaterialsthatwillstandtheheatofthelampandregularadjustmentsbytheuser.Italsoneedstobestable .Mostimportantly,itneedsto 48lightwhereitisneeded.

Fromfollowsemotion.ThisphraseisassociatedwiththeGermandesignerHartmutEsslinger.Hebelievesdesignmusttakeinto 49thesensorysideofournature—sight,smell,touchandtaste.Theseareasimportantasrational(理性的).Whenchoosingeverydayproductssuchastoothpaste,weappreciateacool-lookingdevicethatallowsustoeasily50thetoothpasteontoourbrush.

【答案】

41.D42.E43.J44.G45.C46.H47.B48.F49.A50.K

【解析】

试题分析：本文属于说明文，告诉我们好的设计应包括四个黄金定律：简约、功能以及情感等等.

41.D动词capture获得；捕获；本句中该词构成的不定式短语“tocapture.....”作为动词try的宾语.句意：多年以来，设计师和艺术家一直都在努力搞清楚好的设计的本质.

42.E名词decorations装饰，该词在句中作为动词avoid的宾语.本段的主题是“Lessismore”倡导装修设计的简单化.句意：设计应该避免不必要的装饰物.

43.J形容词soulless没有灵魂的；该词在本句中做定语修饰名词design.根据前半句“TheAmerican-bornarchitectRobertVenturiconcludedthatifsimplicityisdonebadly...”可知美国建筑家RobertVenturi总结过，如果简约没有做好，那么这样的设计就是没有灵魂的；

44.G动词短语experimentwith试用，用...做实验；句意：后现代主义设计师们再一次开始试验装饰和颜色.

45.C名词appliance电器，电器工具；该词可由后面列举的例子“ovensandkettles烤箱和水壶”推理，指厨房电器等物品.

46.H形容词intended预期的；本句中该词和系动词is构成系表结构.句意：对用户来说最重要的是产品达到了预期的效果.

考点：考查选词填空www.win789.com

III.ReadingComprehension

SectionA

Directions:ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,CandD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.

Inthe1960s,DouglasMcGregor,oneofthekeythinkersintheartofmanagement,developedthemowfamousTheoryXandTheoryY.TheoryXistheideathatpeopleinstinctively 51workandwilldoanythingtoavoidit.TheoryYistheviewthateveryonehasthepotentialtofindsatisfactioninwork.Inanycase,despitesomuchevidencetothe 52,manymanagersstillagreetoTheoryX.Theybelieve, 53,thattheiremployeesneedconstantsupervisioniftheyaretoworkeffectively,orthatdecisionsmustbeimposedfrom54withoutconsultation.This,ofcourse,makesforauthoritarian(专制的)managers.Differentcultureshavedifferentwaysof 55people.Unlikeauthoritarianmanagement,somecultures,particularlyinAsia,arewellknownfortheconsultativenatureofdecision-making—allmembersofthedepartmentorworkgroupareaskedto 56tothisprocess.Thisismanagementbythecollectiveopinion.ManywesterncompanieshavetriedtoimitatesuchAsianwaysofdoingthings,whicharebasedongeneral 57.Someexpertssaythatwomenwillbecomemoreeffectivemanagersthanmenbecausetheyhavethepowertoreachcommongoalsinawaythattraditional 58managerscannot.

Arecenttrendhasbeentoencourageemployeestousetheirowninitiative,tomakedecisionsontheirownwithout59 managersfirst.Thisempowerment(授权)hasbeenpartofthetrendtowardsdownsizing: 60thenumberofmanagementlayersincompanies.Afterde-layeringinthisway,acompanymaybe 61withjustatoplevelofseniormanagers,front-linemanagersandemployeeswithdirectcontactwiththepublic.Empowermenttakestheideaofdelegation(委托)muchfurtherthanhas 62beenthecase.Empowermentanddelegationmeannewformsofmanagementcontrolto 63thattheoverallbusinessplanisbeingfollowed,andthatoperationsbecomemoreprofitable undertheneworganization,ratherthanless.

Anothertrendisoff-siteor 64 management,whereteamsofpeoplelinkedbye-mailandtheInternetworkonprojectsfromtheirownhouses.projectmanagersevaluatethe 65oftheteammembersintermsofwhattheyproduceforprojects,ratherthantheamountoftimetheyspendonthem.

51.A.desireB.seekC.loseD.dislike

52.A.contraryB.expectationC.degreeD.extreme

53.A.viceversaB.forexampleC.howeverD.otherwise

54.A.outsideB.insideC.belowD.above

55.A.replacing             B.assessingC.managingD.encouraging

56.A.referB.contributeC.objectD.apply

57.A.agreementB.practiceC.electionD.impression

58.A.bossyB.experiencedC.westernD.male

59.A.askingB.trainingC.warningD.firing

60.A.doublingB.maintainingC.reducingD.estimating

61.A.honoredB.leftC.crowdedD.compared

62.A.economically             B.traditionallyC.inadequatelyD.occasionally

63.A.denyB.admitC.assumeD.ensure

64.A.virtualB.ineffectiveC.day-to-dayD.on-the-scene

65.A.opinionB.riskC.performanceD.attractiveness

【答案】51.D52.A53.B54.D55.C56.B57.A58.D59.A60.C61.B62.B63.D64.A65.C

【解析】

试题分析：本文是说明文，作者在第一段中提出道格拉斯·麦克雷戈所提出的人性假设理论中的X理论和Y理论，并介绍了现代社会中一种新型管理理论：授权管理及其作用.

51.D考查上下文串联.根据后半句“....willdoanythingtoavoidit”可知很多人为了避免工作而愿意做任何事情，说明那些人大多数人生性都是懒惰的，都不愿意工作，他们尽可能地逃避工作.故D项正确.

52.A考查上下文串联.短语tothecontrary相反的；tothedegree在某种程度上；totheextreme走向极端；在文章第一段中提到了X理论，大多数人都缺乏进取心和责任心，不愿对人和事负责，没有什么雄心壮志，不喜欢负责任，宁可被领导.而Y理论认为大多数人愿意对工作、对他人负责，人们愿意实行自我管理和自我控制来完成应当完成的目标.这是两种完全相反的理论，尽管对于这两种完全相反的理论有很多的证据，很多管理人仍然同意X理论.故A正确.

53.B考查上下文串联.本句中forexample表示举例说明；这些管理人仍然同意X理论，例如他们认为如果要员工效率高，就需要给与他们不断的监督.这属于X理论的举例说明.故B正确.

54.D考查上下文串联.根据后句“...makesforauthoritarianmanagers....”可知这属于专制的管理方法，他们的决定是来自上而下的，没有任何商量的余地.故D项“above上面的”正确.

55.C考查上下文串联.根据前段可知本文讨论的管理学的理论，使用本句使用动词“manage管理”，不同的文化中有不同的管理人的方法.而且和下文中亚洲、西方的管理方法形成呼应.故C正确.

56.B考查动词短语辨析.短语referto提到，谈到；contributeto做贡献；导致；objectto反对；applyto适用于；亚洲人使用的是协商式的管理方法，所有人都被要求对管理的过程做出自己的贡献.故B正确.

57.A考查上下文串联.名词agreement同意；practice练习，做法；election选举；impression印象；亚洲人使用协商式的管理方法，这种方法是建立在共同的协议基础之上的，西方人也想学习这样的管理方法.故A正确.

58.D考查上下文串联.根据前半句“....womenwillbecomemoreeffectivemanagersthanmen....”可知有些专家认为女性比男性管理更高效.因为女性更有亲和力，比男性管理人更容易与别人达成一致的目标.故D正确.

59.A考查上下文串联.根据前句“...encourageemployeestousetheirowninitiative...鼓励员工使用自己的首创精神”，也就是说在做出决定的时候不要请示上级经理，自己做出决定即可.故A项正确.

60.C考查上下文串联.根据前句“thetrendtowardsdownsizing缩小规模的趋势”，也就是要减少管理层的数量，可以直接做出决定而不需要请示上级.故动词“reduce减少”符合上下文串联.

61.B考查短语辨析辨析.动词behonoredwith被授予；beleftwith留下，剩下；becrowdedwith挤满；becomparedwith与..相比；通过这种方法，公司只剩下高层管理者和前线的与公众直接联系的一线管理人.省略了很多中央环节，提高了管理的效益.故B正确.

62.B考查副词辨析.副词economically经济地；traditionally传统地；inadequately不充分地；occasionally偶尔地；根据后句“Empowermentanddelegationmeannewformsofmanagement...”可知授权管理是一个新型的管理方法，与传统的管理模式不一样.故B正确.

63.D考查动词辨析.动词deny否认；admit承认；assume假定，设想；ensure保证，确保；授权管理是一

考点：考查说明文阅读

SectionB

Direction：Readthefollowingthreepassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsorunfinishedsattments.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustread.

(A)

Oneearlymorning,IwentintothelivingroomtofindmymotherreadingathickbookcalledBestLovedpoemstoReadAgainandAgain.Myinterestwasarousedonlybythefactthattheword“poems”appearedinbig,hotpinkletters.

“Isitgood？”Iaskedher.

“Yeah,”sheanswered.“There’soneIreallylikeandyou’lllikeit,too.”Ileanedforward.“‘pattypoem,’”shereadthetitle.Whoispatty？Iwondered.Thepoembegan:Sheneverputshertoysaway,Justleavesthemscattered①wheretheylay,…①散乱的Thepoemwasjustthreeshortsections.Thefinalonecamequickly:Whenshegrowsandgatherspoise②,②稳重I’llmissherharum-scarum③noise,③莽撞的Andlookinvain④forscatteredtoys④徒劳地AndI’llbesad.

Aterriblesorrowwashedoverme.Whoeverpattywas,shewasameangirl.Then,theshock.

“It’syou,honey,”Mymothersaidsadly.

Tomymother,thepoemrevealedaparent’saffectionwhenherchildgrowsupandleaves.Tome,the“she”inthepoemwashorror.Itwasmymamawhowouldbesad.ItwassoterribleIburstoutcrying.

“What’swrong？”mymotherasked.

“OhMama,”Icried.“Idon’twanttogrowupever!”

Shesmiled.“Honey,it’sokay.You’renotgrowingupanytimesoon.Andwhenyoudo,I’llstillloveyou,okay？”

“Okay,”Iwasstillweeping.Mypanichasgone.ButIcouldnothelpthinkingaboutthatsillypoem.Afterwhatseemedlikeasafeamountoftime,Ireadthepoemagainandwasconfused.Itallfitsowelltogether,likeapuzzle.Thelanguagewassimple,sosimpleIcouldplainlyunderstanditsmeaning,yetitwasstillbeautiful.Iwasnowfascinatedbytheideaofpoetry,wordsthathadthepowertomakeorbreakaperson’sworld.

Ihavesincefalleninlovewithotherpoems,but“pattypoem”remainsmypoem.Afterall,“pattypoem”gavememyloveforpoetrynotbecauseitwasthepoemthatliftedmyspirits,butbecauseitwastheonethathurtmethemost.

66.WhywasthewriterattractedbythebookBestLovedpoemstoReadAgainandAgain？

A.Itwasathickenoughbook.

B.Somethingonitscovercaughthereye.

C.Hermotherwasreadingitwithinterest.

D.Ithasameaningfultitle.

67.Afterhermotherreadthepoemtoher,thewriterfelt______atfirst.

A.sad

B.excited

C.horrified

D.confused

68.Thewriter’smotherlikedtoread“pattypoem”probablybecause______.

A.itreflectedherownchildhood

B.itwaswritteninsimplelanguage

C.itwascomposedbyafamouspoet

D.itgaveherahintofwhatwouldhappen

69.Itcanbeconcludedfromthepassagethat“pattypoem”leadsthewriterto_______.

A.discoverthepowerofpoetry

B.recognizeherloveforpuzzles

C.findhereagernesstogrowup

D.experiencegreathomesickness

【答案】66.B67.A68.D69.A

Tome,the“she”inthepoemwashorror.Itwasmymamawhowouldbesad.可知对妈妈来说这首诗让她想起我也会长大也会离开她，她也会因为我的离开而非常难受.所以这本书让她把未来可能发生的事情联系了起来.故D项正确

69.A推理判断题.根据文章最后一段“Ihavesincefalleninlovewithotherpoems,but“pattypoem”remainsmypoem.Afterall,“pattypoem”gavememyloveforpoetrynotbecauseitwasthepoemthatliftedmyspirits,butbecauseitwastheonethathurtmethemost.”可知这首诗让作者感受了诗歌的美，让作者爱上了诗歌，这首因为她发现诗歌有强烈的情感冲击力.故A项正确.

考点：考查记叙文阅读

（B）

Istherelinkbetweenhumansandclimatechangeornot？Thisquestionwasfirststudiedintheearly1900s.Sincethen,manyscientistshavethoughtthatouractionsdomakeadifference.In1997,theKyotoprotocolexplainedourroleintheEarth’schangingatmosphereandsetinternationallimitsforgasemissions(排放)from2008to2012.Somecountrieshavedecidedtocontinuethesereductionsuntil2020.Morerecently,theparisAgreement,stuckbynearly200countries,alsoaimstolimitglobalwarming.Butjustnowhowmuchwarmeritwillgetdependsonhowdeeplycountriescutcarbonemissions.3.5℃.Thisishowmuchtemperatureswouldriseby2100evenifnationsliveuptotheinitialparispromisestoreducecarbonemissions;thisrisecouldstillputcoastalcitiesunderwateranddriveoverhalfofallspeciestoextinction.2℃Tomeetthisminimumgoal,theAgreementrequirescountriestotightenemissionstargetseveryfiveyears.Eventhisincreasecouldsinksomeislands,worsedrought(干旱)anddriveadeclineofuptoathirdinthenumberofspecies.1.5℃ThisisthemostambitiousgoalfortemperaturerisesetbytheparisAgreement,afterapushbylow-lyingislandnationslikeKiribati,whichsaylimitingtemperatureriseto1.5℃couldsavethemfromsinking.0.8℃

Thisishowmuchtemperatureshaverisensincetheindustrialagebegan,puttingus40%ofthewaytothe2℃point.0℃Thebaselinehereisaverageglobaltemperaturebeforethestartoftheindustrialage.

70.Itcanbeconcludedfromparagraph1that______.

A.theproblemofglobalwarmingwillhavebeenquitesolvedby2020

B.gasemissionshavebeeneffectivelyreducedindevelopedcountries

C.theparisAgreementsismoreinfluentialthantheKyotoprotocol

D.humanshavemadecontinuouseffortstoslowdownglobalwarming

71.IfnationscouldonlykeeptheinitialpromisesoftheparisAgreement,whatwouldhappenbytheyear2100？

A.Thehumanpopulationwouldincreasebyonethird.

B.Littleover50%ofallspecieswouldstillexist.

C.Nationswouldnotneedtotightentheiremissionstargets.

D.TheAgreement’sminimumgoalwouldnotbereached.

72.Ifthoseislandnationsnotfarabovesealevelaretosurvive,themaximumtemperaturerise,sincethestartoftheindustrialage,shouldbe_______.

A.0.8℃B.1.5℃C.2℃D.3.5℃

【答案】70.D71.D72.B

【解析】

试题分析：本文介绍了人们一直努力减少温室气体的排放，并设立了到2100年我们应该达成的目标以及达成目标要符合的条件.

70.D推理判断题.根据文章第一段三至六句“Sincethen,manyscientistshavethoughtthatouractionsdomakeadifference.In1997,theKyoto......stuckbynearly200countries,alsoaimstolimitglobalwarming.”可知自从20世纪早期开始人类就一直在努力减少温室气体的排放，希望能减缓全球变暖的趋势.故D项正确.

71.D推理判断题.根据文章第二段Thisishowmuchtemperatureswouldriseby2100evenifnationsliveuptotheinitialparispromisestoreducecarbonemissions;可知如果各国的气体排放能够符合巴黎协议的要求，到

考点：考查说明文阅读

(C)

Enough“meaninglessdrivel”.That’sthemessagefromagroupofmembersoftheUKgovernmentwhohavebeenexamininghowsocialmediafirmslikeLinkedIngatherandusesocialmediadata.

TheHouseofCommonsScienceandTechnologyCommittee’sreport,releasedlastweek,hasblamedfirmsformakingpeoplesignuptolongincomprehensiblelegalcontractsandcallsforaninternationalstandardorkitemark(认证标记)toidentifysitesthathavecleartermsandconditions.

“Thetermandconditionsstatementthatweallcarelesslyagreetoismeaninglessdriveltoanyone,”saysAndrewMiller,thechairofthecommittee.Instead,hesays,firmsshouldprovideaplain-Englishversionoftheirterms.Thesimplifiedversionwouldbecheckedbyathirdpartyandawardedakitemarkifitisanaccuratereflectionoftheoriginal.

Itisnotyetclearwhowouldadministerthescheme,buttheUKgovernmentislookingatintroducingitonavoluntarybasis.“weneedtothinkthroughhowwemakethatworkinpractice,”saysMiller.

Wouldwepayanymoreattentiontoakitemark？“Ithinkifyouwentanddidthesurvey,peoplewouldliketothinktheywould,”saysNigelShadboltattheUniversityofSouthampton,UK,whostudiesopendata.“Wedoknowpeopleworryalotabouttheinappropriateuseoftheirinformation.”Butwhatwouldhappeninpracticeisanothermatter,hesays.

Otherorganisationssuchasbanksaskcustomerstosignlongcontractstheymaynotreadorunderstand,butMillerbelievessocialmediarequiresspecialattentionbecauseitissonew.“Westilldon’tknowhowsignificantthelong-termimpactisgoingtobeofunwisethingsthatkidsputonsocialmediathatcomebackandbitethemin20years’time,”hesays.

Shadbolt, who gave evidence to the committee, says the problem is that we don’t know how companies will use our data because their business models and uses of data are still evolving.Large collections of personal information have become valuable only recently, he says.

Theshockandangerwhenasocialmediafirmdoessomethingwithdatathatpeopledon’texpect,evenifusershaveapparentlypermission,showthatthecurrentsituationisn’tworking.Ifproperlyadministered,akitemarkontermsandconditionscouldhelppeopleknowwhatexactlytheyaresigningupto.Althoughtheywouldstillhavetoactuallyreadthem.

73.Whatdoesthephrase“meaninglessdrivel”inparagraphs1and3referto？

A.Legalcontractsthatsocialmediafirmsmakepeoplesignupto.

B.WarningsfromtheUKgovernmentagainstunsafewebsites.

C.Guidelinesonhowtousesocialmediawebsitesproperly.

D.Insignificantdatacollectedbysocialmediafirms.

74.ItcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatNigelShadboltdoubtswhether_______.

A.socialmediafirmswouldconductasurveyonthekitemarkscheme

B.peoplewouldpayasmuchattentiontoakitemarkastheythink

C.akitemarkschemewouldbeworkableonanationwidescale

D.thekitemarkwouldhelpcompaniesdeveloptheirbusinessmodels

75.AndrewMillerthinkssocialmedianeedsmoreattentionthanbanksmainlybecause_______.

A.theirusersconsistlargelyofkidsunder20yearsold

B.thelanguageintheircontractsisusuallyhardertounderstand

C.theinformationtheycollectedcouldbecomemorevaluableinfuture

D.itremainsunknownhowusers’datawillbetakenadvantageof

76.Thewriteradvisesusersofsocialmediato_______.

A.thinkcarefullybeforepostinganythingontosuchwebsites

B.readthetermsandconditionsevenifthereisakitemark

C.takenofurtheractioniftheycanfindakitemark

D.avoidprovidingtoomuchpersonalinformation

77.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleofthepassage？

A.Saynotosocialmedia？

B.Newsecurityrulesinoperation？

C.Acceptwithoutreading？

D.Administrationmatters!

【答案】73.A74.B75.D76.B77.C

【解析】

试题分析：当我们在社交媒体上注册登记的时候，总会签署一些无意义的法律合同，文章就此现象展开了讨论，并列举了多人的不同观点.

73.A词义猜测题.根据第一段第一句“......hasblamedfirmsformakingpeoplesignuptolongincomprehensiblelegalcontracts....”可知很多社交媒体公司和用户签订了没有意义的法律合同.而这些合同是没有意义的废话，也起不到任何作用，很多用户根本没有仔细阅读合同的具体内容.故A正确.

74.B推理判断题.根据第五段前二句“Wouldwepayanymoreattentiontoakitemark？“Ithinkifyouwentanddidthesurvey,peoplewouldliketothinktheywould,”saysNigelShadboltattheUniversityofSouthampton,UK,whostudiesopendata.”可知NigelShadbolt认为如果我们去做相关调查，人们会认为他们会很注意这些认证标记的.故B项正确.

75.D推理判断题.根据第六段最后一句“Westilldon’tknowhowsignificantthelong-termimpactisgoingtobeofunwisethingsthatkidsputonsocialmediathatcomebackandbitethemin20years’time,”hesays.可知我们现在还不知道所签署的这些长期的无意义的合同未来会给他们带来什么样的影响.也不知道未来人们会怎么利用这样的信息.故D项正确.

76.B推理判断题.根据文章最后一句Ifproperlyadministered,akitemarkontermsandconditionscouldhelppeopleknowwhatexactlytheyaresigningupto.Althoughtheywouldstillhavetoactuallyreadthem.可知文章建议我们即使有认证标志，我们呀应该认真阅读那些无意义的合同中的条款和内容，我们要知道我们所签署的协议的具体内容.故B正确.

77.C标题概括题.现在的网站中或者社交媒体软件中，我们在注册用户名或安装的时候，总会有一些合同或条约让我们签署.很多人从来都没有详细阅读这些合同条款就签名了.文章就此话题展开讨论，作者提出我们应该仔细阅读条款内容，然后在签名.故C项“Acceptwithoutreading？未阅读就接受”符合文章中心思想.其余三项与文章内容不贴切.

考点：考查社会现象类阅读

SectionC

 Directions:Readthepassagecarefully.Thenanswerthequestionsorcompletethestatementsinthefewestpossiblewords.

Walkingwillbebannedonescalatorsaspartofatraildesignedtoreducecongestion(拥堵)atsomeofthecountry’sbusieststations.

Inthefirstmoveofitskind,alltravelerswillbeforcedtostandonbothsidesofescalatorsontheLondonUndergroundaspartofaplantoincreasecapacity(容量)attheheightoftherushhour.

Asix-monthtrialwillbeintroducedatHolbornstationfrommid-April,eliminatingtheruleofstandingontherightandwalkingontheleft.Themove,imitatingasimilarstructureinFareasterncitiessuchasHongKong,isdesignedtoincreasethenumberofpeopleusinglongescalatorsatthebusiesttimes.itcouldbeexpandedacrosstheTubenetworkincomingyears.

AccordingtoLondonUnderground,only40percentoftravelerswalkthefulllengthoflongescalators,leavingthemajorityatthebottomastheywaittogetontothe“standing“side.

Athree-weektrialatHolbornlastyearfoundthatthenumberofpeopleusingescalatorsatanytimeofcouldberaisedbyalmostathird.peterMcNaught,operationsdirectoratLondonUnderground,said:“Itmaynotseemrightthatyoucangoquickerbystandingstill,butourexperimentsatHolbornhaveprovedthatitcanbetrue.Thisnewsix-monthtrialwillhelpusfindoutifwecaninfluencecustomerstostandonbothsidesinthelongterm.”

HolbornhasoneofthelongestsetsofescalatorsontheUndergroundnetworkat23.4high.Tubebossesclaimthatcapacitywaslimitedbecausesofewpeoplewantedtowalkup—meaningonlyonesidewasusedatalltimes.Researchhasshownthatitismoreeffectiveuseofescalatorsover18.5tobanwalking.

Theprevioustrialfoundthatescalatorsatthestationnormallycarried2,500peoplebetween8:30amand9:30amonatypicalday,risingto3,250duringtheresearchingperiod.

Inthenewtrial,whichwillbelaunchedfromApril18,oneofthree“up”escalatorswillbestandingonly,withasecondbanningwalkingatpeaktimes.Athirdwillremainamixofwalkingandstanding.

(Note:AnsweringthequestionsthequestionsorcompletethestatementsinNOMORETHANTENWORDS.)

78.Whatistheexistingproblemwithstandingontherightandwalkingontheleft？

79.Whatdidlastyear’sthree-weektrialatHolbornstationprove？

80.Theresearchsuggeststhatwalkingshouldbeforbiddenonescalatorsthatareatleast_________inheight.

81.Inthenewtrail,inadditiontooneescalatorbanningwalkinginrushhours,theother“up”escalatorswillbeusedfor_________________.

【答案】

78.Thecapacityofescalatorshasn'tbeenmadefulluseof.

79.passengerscangoquickerbystandingstill.

80.18.5m

81.standingonlyandamixofwalkingandstanding

【解析】

试题分析：本文属于议论文，禁止人们在电子扶梯上走动，并让所有的乘客站在扶梯的两边，这种做法增加了电子扶梯的容量，文章就此内容展开讨论.

78.Thecapacityofescalatorshasn'tbeenmadefulluseof.

推理判断题.根据第二段Inthefirstmoveofitskind,alltravelerswillbeforcedtostandonbothsidesofescalatorsontheLondonUndergroundaspartofaplantoincreasecapacity(容量)attheheightoftherushhour.所有的游客将被迫站在电子扶梯的两边，以增加电子扶梯的载客量，减轻高峰期的交通压力.也就是说原来的方法并没有充分利用好电子扶梯的容量.

79.passengerscangoquickerbystandingstill.

细节理解题.根据第五段第一句Athree-weektrialatHolbornlastyearfoundthatthenumberofpeopleusingescalatorsatanytimeofcouldberaisedbyalmostathird.可知在Holborn进行的为期的三周的测试发现乘客们

考点：考查任务型阅读

第II卷(共47分)

Translation

Directions: TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish,usingthewordsgiveninthebrackets.

1.我真希望自己的文章有朝一日能见报.（hope）

2.二十世纪末中国经济迅速发展.（witness）

3.为买一双运动鞋而通宵排队有意义吗？（point）

4.虽然当时我年幼，不理解这部电影的含义，但我记得我的家人都感动得落泪了.（too…to…）

5.我阿姨苦读四年之后获得了文凭，那一刻她欣喜万分.（Themoment…）

【答案】

1.Ireallyhopethatmyarticlewillbepublishedinanewspapersomeday.

2.ThelatetwentiethcenturywitnessedtherapiddevelopmentofChina’seconomy.

3.Whatisthepointof/inliningupforthewholenightjusttobuyapairofsportsshoes？/Isthere anypoint(in)liningupforthewholenightjusttobuyapairofsportsshoes？

4.AlthoughIwasthentooyoungtounderstandthemeaningofthefilm,Iremembermyfamilyweremovedtotears.

5.Themomentmyauntgainedherdiplomaafterfouryearsofhardwork,shewasfilledwithjoy.

【解析】

试题分析：

1.Ireallyhopethatmyarticlewillbepublishedinanewspapersomeday.

动词hope“希望”本身就含有未来的语义，后面所接从句通常表示将来的事情.本句中副词someday意为“有朝一日”通常和一般将来时连用.

2.ThelatetwentiethcenturywitnessedtherapiddevelopmentofChina’seconomy.

动词witness目睹，见证；本句属于拟人化的修辞，使用无生命的事物做主语.同时注意时态，二十世纪属于过去的时间，所以使用一般过去时的时态.

3.Whatisthepointof/inliningupforthewholenightjusttobuyapairofsportsshoes？/Isthereanypoint(in)liningupforthewholenightjusttobuyapairofsportsshoes？

本句可以使用固定句型：Thereisapointindoingsth做某事有意义；

4.AlthoughIwasthentooyoungtounderstandthemeaningofthefilm,Iremembermyfamilyweremovedtotears.

本句中although引导让步状语从句，表示上下文的转折关系.同时固定结构“too...to...太....而不能.....”表示否定含义.

5.Themomentmyauntgainedherdiplomaafterfouryearsofhardwork,shewasfilledwithjoy.

本句中名词短语themoment转换成连词短语，意为“一...就....”，引导时间状语从句.

考点：考查完成句子

II.GuidedWriting

Directions: WriteanEnglishcompositionin120–150wordsaccordingtotheinstructionsgivenbelowinChinese.

假设你是中华中学学生姚平，最近参加了一项研究性学习调研，课题为“父母是否以子女为荣”.通过调研你校学生及其父母，结果发现双方对此问题的看法有差异（数据如图所示）.根据图表写一份报告，在报告中，你必须：描述调研数据；分析可能导致这一结果的原因.

【答案】

（略）

考点：考查图表作文