2022年全国乙卷高考英语真题及答案(完整听力版)
06月09日
2011年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(浙江卷)
英 语
第一部分 英语知识运用(共两节,满分80分)
从A B C D 四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处地最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
48. What will the government most probably provide if it is engaged in a pump-priming program?
A. Sums of money. B. Raw materials. C. Human resources. D. Media support.
49. When Sylvia says “His speech was OK but it had no real punch”, she thinks it was not_____.
A. fluent and impressive B. logical and moving
C. informative and significant D. interesting and powerful
【解析】
46. 答案B。这道题是现学现卖型,考查的是学生的查阅资料能力。第二个三角形顺数第六行讲到,“to keep asking some for information: she was pumping me for details of the new project”跟问句中“pump me about the case”,跟这句话意思相符,这样,答案就很好得出了。
47. 答案C。第四个三角形,讲的是Pump的一些固定词组搭配,第一个pump sth out 第四行,to produce words or loud music in a way that is repeated, forceful and continuous, 也可从the government keeps pumping out the same old propaganda(政治宣传)得出。或者我们结合生活常识,当我们在看喜欢的电视剧时,忽然出现一次又一次的广告,我们的情绪是不是会很厌烦呢。所以选择C
48.答案A。在文中找到pump-priming, the government is awarding small, pump-priming grants to single mothers who are starting their own business”, award是本题的词眼,与解题有关。说到奖励,当然跟钱少不了关系,所以选择A
49.答案D。前面的一些题目是围绕pump, 本段跳跃到punch,所以要毫无顾忌地跳过pun,直接寻找有punch的板块。顺数第三行,the power to be interesting and have a strong effect on people, 以及紧随其后的例子 I felt the performance /speech/presentation lacked punch.看出,尤其是词眼“speech”刚好有对应,所以选D
C
In the more and more competitive service industry, it is no longer enough to promise customer satisfaction. Today, customer “delight” is what companies are trying to achieve in order to keep and increase market share.
It is accepted in the marketing industry, and confirmed by a number of researchers, that customers receiving good service will promote business by telling up to 12 other people; those treated badly tell tales of woe to up to 20 people. Interestingly, 80 percent of people who feel their complaints are handled fairly will stay loyal.
New challenges for customer care have come when people can obtain goods and services through telephone call centers and the Internet. For example, many companies now have to invest (投资) a lot of money in information technology and staff training in order to cope with the “phone rage”---- caused by delays in answering calls, being cut off in mid-conversation or left waiting for long periods.
“Many people do not like talking to machines,” says Dr, Storey, Senior Lecturer in Marketing at City University Business School. “Banks, for example, encourage staff at call centers to use customer data to establish instant and good relationship with then. The aim is to make the customer feel they know you and that you can trust them – the sort of comfortable feelings people have during face-to-face chats with their local branch manager.”
Recommended ways of creating customer delight include: under-promising and over-delivering (saying that a repair will be carried out within five hours, but getting it done within two) replacing a faulty product immediately; throwing in a gift voucher (购物礼券)as an unexpected “thank you” to regular customers; and always returning calls, even when they are complaints.
Aiming for customer delight is all very well, but if services do not reach the high level promised, disappointment or worse will be the result. This can be eased by offering an apology and an explanation of why the service did not meet usual standards with empathy (for example, “I know how you must feel”), and possible solutions (replacement, compensation or whatever fairness suggests best meets the case).
Airlines face some of the toughest challenges over customer care. Fierce competition has convinced them at that delighting passengers is an important marketing tool, while there is great potential for customer anger over delays caused by weather, unclaimed luggage and technical problems.
For British Airways staff, a winning telephone style is considered vital in handling the large volume of calls about bookings and flight times. They are trained to answer quickly, with their names, job title and a “we are here to help” attitude. The company has invested heavily in information technology to make sure that information is available instantly on screen.
British Airways also says its customer care policies are applied within the company and staff are taught to regard each other as customers requiring the highest standards of service.
Customer care is obviously here to stay and it would be a foolish company that used slogans such as “we do as we please”. On the other hand, the more customers are promised, the greater the risk of disappointment.
50. We can learn from Paragraph 2 that _______.
A. complaining customers are hard to satisfy
B. unsatisfied customers receive better service
C .satisfied customers catch more attention
D. well-treated customers promote business
51. The writer mentions “phone rage”(Paragraph 3)to show that ________.
A. customers often use phones to express their anger
B. people still prefer to buy goods online
C. customer care becomes more demanding
D. customers rely on their phones to obtain services
52. What does the writer recommend to create customer delight?
A. Calling customers regular.B. Gibing a “thank you “note..
C. Delivering a quicker service. D. Promising more gifts.
53. If a manager should show his empathy (Paragraph 6), what would be probably say?
A. “I know how upset you must be.”B. “I appreciate your understanding.”
C. “I’m sorry for the delay.”D. “I know it’s our fault.”
54. Customer delight is important for airlines because ________.
A. their telephone style remains unchanged
B. they are more likely to meet with complaints
C. the services cost them a lot of money
D. the policies can be applied to their staff
55. Which of the following is conveyed in this article?
A. Face-to –face service creates comfortable feelings among customers.
B. Companies that promise more will naturally attract more customers.
C. A company should promise less but do more in a competitive market.
D. Customer delight is more important for air lines then for banks.
【解析】
50. 答案D。本题要求我们在第二段中找答案,也就是说四个选项都是出现在此段,在看完第一段内容之后,其实对于文章整体的主题思想会有一个粗略的把握。第二段中出现了两类人,一类人受到好的服务会跟其他12人讲,而受到差的服务的人就会跟20个人说,所以受到好的服务的顾客会提升公司业绩。
51. 答案C。根据该词组的字面意思,手机的愤怒,很多学生会选择A,但是看后文说了很多关于手机服务受阻的情况,引起了顾客很多的抱怨,所以让商家明白,对顾客满意变得越来越急需。D B 选项是文中直接表达的意思,他是事件的表面情况,显然这儿要你挖掘深层次的含义。
52.我们看到第五段,段首就是recommended ways of creating customer delight include:…。A 答案很有迷惑性,因为文本中出现always returning calls,但是这儿是回电话,而不是主动打电话;B 也有出现,但是商家送更多的购物券作为“thank you note”的代名词,也不对;D promising more, 而文中是under-promising,所以选择C, 就是此段括号部分的解释。
53. 答案A。此题相对比较简单,是信息寻找题。马上过度到第六段,找到empathy,括号部分有句话“I know how you must feel”, 我理解你的感受吗,与选项A “我知道你肯定很不开心”相符。
54. 答案B。第七段出现airlines,while there is great potential for customer anger over delays caused by weather, unclaimed luggage and technical problems. Potential是解题的词眼与 likely对应。
55. 答案C。此题选用排除法。A D 选项此篇文章并没有提到。BC选项显然是两个截然不同的意思,到底是承诺多做到的少能吸引顾客呢还是答应的少却做得多更能吸引顾客呢,再看文章最后一句话on the other hand, the more customers are promised, the greater the risk of disappointment.。
D
It was Saturday. As always, it was a busy one, for “Six days shall you labor and all your work” was taken seriously back then. Outside, Father and Mr. Patrick next door were busy chopping firewood. Inside their own houses, Mother and Mrs. Patrick were engaged in spring cleaning.
Somehow the boys had slipped away to the back lot with their kites. Now, even at the risk of having Brother caught to beat carpets, they had sent him to the kitchen for more string(线). It seemed there was no limit to the heights to which kites would fly today.
My mother looked at the sitting room, its furniture disordered for a thorough sweeping. Again she cast a look toward the window. “Come on, girls! Let’s take string to the boys and watch them fly the kites a minute.”
On the way we met Mrs. Patric, laughing guiltily as if she were doing something wrong, together with her girls.
There never was such a day for flying kites! We played all our fresh string into the boys’ kites and they went up higher and higher. We could hardly distinguish the orange-colored spots of the kites. Now and then we slowly pulled one kite back, watching it dancing up and down in the wind, and finally bringing it down to earth, just for the joy of sending it up again.
Even our fathers dropped their tools and joined us. Our mothers took their turn, laughing like schoolgirls. I think we were all beside ourselves. Parents forgot their duty and their dignity; children forgot their everyday fights and little jealousies. “Perhaps it’s like this in the kingdom of heaven,” I thought confusedly.
It was growing dark before we all walked sleepily back to the housed. I suppose we had some sort of supper. I suppose there must have been surface tidying-up, for the house on Sunday looked clean and orderly enough. The strange thing was, we didn’t mention that day afterward. I felt a little embarrassed. Surely none of the others had been as excited as I. I locked the memory up in that deepest part of me where we keep “the things that cannot be and yet they are.”
The years went on, then one day I was hurrying about my kitchen in a city apartment, trying to get some work out of the way while my three-year-old insistently cried her desire to “go park, see duck.”
“I can’t go!” I said. “I have this and this to do, and when I’m through I’ll be too tired to walk that far.”
My mother, who was visiting us, looked up from the peas she was shelling. “It’s a wonderful day,” she offered, “really warm, yet there’s a fine breeze. Do you remember that day we flew kites?”
I stopped in my dash between stove and sink. The locked door flew open and with it a rush of memories. “Come on,” I told my little girl. “You’re right, it’s too good a day to miss.”
Another decade passed. We were in the aftermath(余波) of a great war. All evening we had been asking our returned soldier, the youngest Patrick Boy, about his experiences as a prisoner of war. He had talked freely, but now for a long time he had been silent. What was he thinking of --- what dark and horrible things?
“Say!” A smile sipped out from his lips. “Do you remember --- no, of course you wouldn’t. It probably didn’t make the impression on you as it did on me.”
I hardly dared speak. “Remember what?”
“I used to think of that day a lot in POW camp (战俘营), when things weren’t too good. Do you remember the day we flew the kites?”
56. Mrs. Patrick was laughing guiltily because she thought________.
A. she was too old to fly kitesB. her husband would make fun of her
C. she should have been doing her howD. supposed to the don’t game
57. By “we were all beside ourselves writer means that they all ________.
A. felt confusedB. went wild with joyC. looked onD. forgot their fights
58. What did the think after the kite-flying?
A. The boys must have had more fun than the girls.
B. They should have finished their work before playing.
C. Her parents should spend more time with them.
D. All the others must have forgotten that day.
59. Why did the writer finally agree to take her little girl for an outing?
A. She suddenly remembered her duty as a mother.
B. She was reminded of the day they flew kites.
C. She had finished her work in the kitchen.
D. She thought it was a great day to play outside.
60. The youngest Patrick boy is mentioned to show that ______.
A. the writer was not alone in treasuring her fond memories
B. his experience in POW camp threw a shadow over his life
C. childhood friendship means so much to the writer
D. people like him really changed a lot after the war
【解析】
56. 答案C。细节分析题。找到文中出现laughing guilty 的上下文,原本大人们都在热火朝天地spring clean,Mrs Patrick,“Come on, girls! Let’s take sting to the boys and watch them fly the kites a minute.” On the way we met Mrs. Patrick, Iaughing guiltily as if she were doing something wrong, together with her girls.大人和小孩一起放风筝,把家务放在一边,所以感到很罪过。
57. 答案B。解答此题联系后文,parents forgot their duty and their dignity; children forgot their everyday fights and little jealousies,可以看出大人小孩放风筝的时候都很high, 几近疯狂。
58. 答案D。如果只看完第六段就做此题的话,很容易误选D,因为此段中大人小孩玩得很疯,很多学生很容易先入为主,想当然地表达“父母应该多陪孩子”的思想。但是我们看第七段,“The strange thing was, we didn’t mention that day afterward I felt a little embarrassed .Surely none of the of the others had been as excited as I.” 作者认为,只有他一个人还记得当初那个放风筝的美好时刻,而其他人都忘记了,所以选D。
59. 答案B。原本这位母亲用各种借口来推脱孩子想去外面玩的要求,但是当母亲的母亲回忆起当日那个放风筝的日子时,往日美好的场景开始充斥这位母亲的思绪,所以她欣然答应外出。
60. 答案A。第七段作者觉得只有自己还封存着那个美好的饿回忆,自己是孤单的,但是这个从战场回来的男孩,却也是靠着那个美好的回忆在战俘营中生存了下来,所以A,作者不是一个人在珍惜那段记忆。
【点评】
今年阅读理解虽然减少了一篇,但语篇平均长度明显增加,深度阅读理解的能力要求明显提高,因而阅读理解部分难度有所增。第一节中,所选语篇注重思想内涵和文化意识。A篇讨论了人与现代科技的关系。B篇是有关“查词典”的试题,旨在考查学生运用工具书获取信息和解决问题的能力。C篇阐述了顾客的满意度对企业发展的重要作用。D篇通过回顾儿时放风筝的经历,讲述了童年的美好回忆对成年生活的深刻影响。在设问方面,理解通篇文章和推测深层含义的综合性试题有所增加,如注重考查文章的主旨要义,重视语篇中所蕴含的作者意图、观点和态度,品味字里行间蕴含的深刻含义,对修辞的考查等,以考查学生对较长语篇的理解能力。
第二节:下面文章中有5处(第61~65题)需要添加小标题。请从以下选项(A、B、C、D、E和F)中选出符合各段意思的小标题,并在答题纸上将相应选项的标号涂黑。选项中有一项是多余选项。
A. Leadership
B. Conflict Solving
C. Open Communication
D. Respect to All Team Members
E. Measuring Progress against Goals
F. Common Goals with Challenging Target
Team Building Means More Than Throwing a Few People Together
“Teamworking” is found every where within just about every organization. You can’t get away from “teams” that are supposed to be able to create something that is greater that the sum of its parts. Or so the theory goes.
There are five measures that need to be taken before you can get the most out of a team:
61._______
There must be a clear reason for the team to exist. And all the members should realize the value and significance of what they are going to do. What they are hoping to achieve should be something achievable but at the same time tough and inspiring enough to attract the members and keep their motivation alive. What is more, they should also be well prepared for the possible difficulties they may come across in the process.
62.______
Team members must be able to express their opinions freely without fear of being criticized, and they must have the feeling that their suggestions will be taken seriously. This is an important point because the team may need to resolve some complex or thorny issues. For example, it may discuss a sensitive topic. Should they keep their conclusion within the team or share it with other employees? This is an issue in itself that all the members should agree on and frank discussion is required.
63._______
It is easy to think that a junior team member may have less to contribute than more experienced ones. This is not only demoralizing or discouraging, it also makes no sense ---- people that have nothing to contribute. Should not have been selected for the team in the first place. Since they have become members of your team, you need to make sure that each of them has an opportunity to add his or her thoughts to discussions.
64.________
Disagreements are natural and, in fact, debate and discussion should be encouraged. A team made up only of “yes men” can make disastrous decisions that few people honestly agreed with in the first place. Consequently, there should be rules on how lengthy disagreements should be handled. For example, team meetings may not be the most appropriate place for a discussion that involves only two people, so “under-the-table” method may be effective.
65______
Most high-performing teams are well organized, A good organizer should be able to play to individuals’ strengths and help them overcome their weaknesses. It should be someone who can act as a promoter and a constant reminder of what the team needs to achieve. He must, above all, be skilled in sharing responsibility and setting tasks to others, coaching them to achieve tasks, and providing constructive feedback on how the tasks went.
Team building isn’t as simple as just throwing a few people together. It requires much more, but motivating people is most essential. Successful teamworking is not marked by how much progress the team makes toward its goals, but by how confidently each of its members completes his or her assigned tasks with a sense of achievement and pride.
【点评】
文章以“团队建设”为话题,提出了团队建设中的目标设置、沟通协作、相互尊重和领导艺术等要素。本节的考查一改过去“信息匹配”的命题思路,要求考生为一篇文章中的各个段落添加小标题,对考生的语篇归纳能力要求较高。
【解析】
61答案F。一个团队的成立必须有共同的目标。这样的目标是团队存在的理由。all the members should realize the value and significance of what they are going to do, 词句与“goal target”相关,”common goal, challenging target” “对应something achievable but at the same time tough”。
62.答案C。团队成员应该可以公开自由地表达观点。一看到express their opinions freely without fear就能对应open communication, 所以此处答案选择起来比较简单。
63. 答案D。每一位成员都有在讨论中提出想法的机会。应尊重每一位被选拔进团队的成员。此题的选择相对比较难一些,因为他没有任何字眼对应选项中总结的词汇。但是我们可以看出,一个队里面有些人贡献很大,有些人却不是,但并不能埋没他们,应该为他们提供能奉献自我的机会,也就是要尊重每个人存在的价值,所以选择respect to all team members.。
64.答案B。分歧一定会出现,可以通过辩论等方式解决。看到Disagreementis natural and, in fact, debate anddiscussion should be encouraged, 不难看出,队友之间可能会有意见分歧的,这个时候辩论和讨论不可少,这样可能会与62题冲突,但是下文有under-the-table” method may be effective,说明这是关于冲突解决的。
65.答案A。对一流团队的领袖的要求。此题也较简单,看到A good organizer就知道讲的是领导才能的。
非选择题部分(共40分)
注意事项:
用黑色字迹的签字笔或钢笔将答案写在答题纸上,不能答在试卷上。
第三部分:写作(共两节,满分40分)
第一节:短文改错(共10小题;每小题1分,满分10分)
下面短文中有10处语言错误。请在有错误的地方增加、删除或修改某个单词。
增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧),并在其下面写上该加的词。
删除:把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改:在错的词下划一横线,并在该词下面写上修改后的词。
注意:1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词。
2.只允许修改10处,多者(从第11除起)不计分。
例如: It was very nice to get your invitation to spend ∧weekend with you. Luckily I was The am completely free then, so I’ll to say “yes”, I’ll arrive in Bristol at around 8:00 p.m inFriday on evening.
I was playing at my cousin house. Since his family was rich than mine, he had more toys than I did. There was one on particular I’d always wanted. I put into my pocket when he wasn’t looking. I guessed, even at that age, I would never be able to enjoy to playing with the toy or faced my cousin again; I would always know I’d done something wrong. Late on, my aunt drove me home. When she dropped me off, I pulled out the toy slow and gave it back. She knows what had happened, but she thanked me and ever mentioned it again.
【答案】
66. cousin – cousin’s rich – richer on --- in put ---put it/that enjoy to --- enjoy
Faced --- face Late --- Later slow --- slowly knows --- knew ever --- never
【点评】
短文改错的语篇是一则关于孩时自我教育的小故事,试题难度适中,要求修改的10处错误均为学生写作中的常见错误,设题考查的内容是学生应该掌握的基础知识,以考查其发现问题和解决问题的能力。
【解析】
1.“在我堂兄弟的家”,考查名词所有格的用法,cousin后加’s表示“……的”;
2.有比较级的出现标志词than却没有形容词比较级,一定是错了,rich的比较级为规则变化richer;
3.考查习语搭配inparticular,意思为“尤其,特别”;
4.put…into…,考查动词用法和代词,这里漏填了指代那个玩具的单词it;
5.enjoy后面固定搭配是跟doing,所以去掉多余的to;
6.句中有连词or,表示后面省略的部分跟前面一致,为Iwouldneverbeableto…orIwouldneverbeableto…接在beableto因此要用动词原形face;
7.Lateron是固定习语意为“后来”,而late的词义当副词用时是“迟的;最近的”;
8.这里的“慢”应该是说明作者掏兜的动作,即修饰动词pull要用副词slowly;
9.动词时态考点,通篇文章因为是叙述过去发的一件事,所以时态基本都为过去时,这里不可能出现knows这样明显的表示习惯的一般现在时;
10.这是典型的语法没错但句意严重有误,ever表示肯定含义,而这句作者想表达的是自己的阿姨知道这件事(偷玩具)但再也没有提过,应该是否定含义,故讲ever换成否定副词never才对。
第二节、书面表达(满分30分)
假设你是高中生李越,有感于校园中存在的随意涂写(to scribble)和乱丢垃圾(to litter)的行为,请用英语给校长写一封100-120个词的信。信中应包括以下内容:
1.说明写信目的;
2.对这些行为进行批评;
3.提出建议
注意:信的抬头、落款及信的第一句已给出(不计词数)。
June 8, 2011
Headmaster,
I’m Li Yue, a student from Class 1, Senior Ⅱ.______________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
Your faithfully,
Li Yue
【答案】
One possible student version:
June 8, 2011
Mr. Headmaster,
I am Li Yue, a student from Class 1, Senior II. I am writing to draw your attention to some improper behaviour among us students: littering and scribbling. It makes our school dirty and unpleasant, and does hard to the image of our school. I always feel ashamed whenever I see this. It is clearly not appropriate for a student to litter and scribble about. I wonder if the school could place more dustbins around and set up specific rules against such behaviour. At the same time, students should be encouraged to develop good habits and better behave themselves. I believe that, with the joint efforts of both teachers and students, our school will become a more enjoyable place in the near future.
Thank you for your consideration.
Yours faithfully,
Li Yue
【点评】
浙江省高考英语作文命题继09年和10年连续两年的新闻报道形式作文后,今年高考写作回归了书信的形式。体裁虽然发生一定的变化,但题材上仍然是贴近高中生日常生活。本文仍属于提纲式半开放性体裁的作文,选材贴近学生实际,有利于考生的正常发挥,考生只要按照所给要点的思路来写即可。
高考写作命题趋势探究:
纵观09年高考以来的全国各地高考作文命题,提纲式作文一直高考英语作文命题的主流。而浙江卷也一直跟随这一主流命题趋势。今年的高考作文又是给出了三个提纲挈领的短语,帮助学生组织文章结构。学生需要做的是提纲的基础上对内容进行相应的扩充。提纲式作文对于学生来说,容易的地方在于:有了提纲,文章基本不会出现偏题的问题。但同时由于仅仅只有提纲,导致学生在对提纲进行扩充的时候产生问题,不知道该说些具体的什么内容。
浙江卷英语写作的另外一个特点是:考试的内容上都十分贴近高中生的生活。《国家中长期教育改革和发展规划纲要(2010-2020年)》意见稿中明确指出:在高中阶段要积极开展研究性学习、社区服务和社会实践。建立科学的教育质量评价体系,全面实施高中学业水平考试和综合素质评价。在此纲要的指导下,浙江卷近三年的命题都是围绕高中生日常生活,对于学生来说,并不脱离实际,即考察了学生对生活的关注,同时考察了学生对于英语在生活中的英语能力。
浙江卷的另外一个特点是将多种文章形式融为一体:例如从09年开始,每年高考题中的提纲部分必然会出现1对事件和现象的描述2对事件或现象的评论。在这两者结合的基础上,每年的作文形式也不断发生变化,如09年是新闻报道,10年是板报形式,11年就是书信形式。但其实无论采用何种的形式都对文章的内容没有实质上的影响。考生最需要的把握的还是对事件或现象的描述和评论的基础语言能力。
试卷参考答案:
第一部分
第一节(10分,每小题0.5分)
1-5 CDADB 6-10 ACABC 11-15 DDCBC 16-20 ADBCB
第二节(20分,每小题1分)
21-25 DBCAB 26-30 BCDAA 31-35 DACCD 36-40 BADBC
第二部分(50分,每小题2分)
41-45 DCBAB 46-50 BCADD51-55 CCABC56-60 CBDBA
61-65 FCDBA
第三部分
第一节(10分,每小题1分)
66. cousin – cousin’s rich – richer on --- in put ---put it/that enjoy to --- enjoy
Faced --- face Late --- Later slow --- slowly knows --- knew ever --- never
第二节(30分)
One possible student version:
June 8, 2011
Mr. Headmaster,
I am Li Yue, a student from Class 1, Senior II. I am writing to draw your attention to some improper behaviour among us students: littering and scribbling. It makes our school dirty and unpleasant, and does hard to the image of our school. I always feel ashamed whenever I see this. It is clearly not appropriate for a student to litter and scribble about. I wonder if the school could place more dustbins around and set up specific rules against such behaviour. At the same time, students should be encouraged to develop good habits and better behave themselves. I believe that, with the joint efforts of both teachers and students, our school will become a more enjoyable place in the near future.
Thank you for your consideration.
Yours faithfully,
Li Yue