2022年全国乙卷高考英语真题及答案(完整听力版)
06月09日
绝密★启用前
2014年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(湖南卷)
英语
本试题卷分四个部分,共12页。时量120分钟。满分150分。
Part I Listening Comprehension (30 marks)
Section A (22.5 marks)
Directions: In this section,you will hear six conversations between two speakers. For each conversation, there are several questions and each question is followed by three choices marked A, B and C. Listen carefully and then choose the best answer for each question.
You will hear each conversation TWICE.
Example:
When will the magazine probably arrive?
The answer is B.
Conversation 1
2. When will the man probably call the woman?
A. Thursday. B. Friday. C. Sunday.
Conversation 2
3.What is the man going to do?
A, Have a coffee break. B. See a doctor. C. Buy a pet.
4.What happened to the man?
Conversation 3
5.What is the woman?
6.What does the man want to get?
Conversation 4
7.What did the man do yesterday?
12.Where will the man probably be working next Monday?
A.At the airport nearby.
B.In the studio next door,
C.At the store downtown.
Conversation 6
13.Why does the woman call the man?
A.The oven doesn’t work.
B.The heater won’t start.
C.The plug is broken.
14.Who will handle the problem first tomorrow evening?
Voice Mail from Kelly Black
|
The answer isA.
21.Children,whenby their parents, are allowed to enter the stadium.
A. to be accompaniedB. to accompany
C.accompanyingD. accompanied
21. D【解析】考查非谓语动词。由when可知所填词做题干的时间状语,逻辑主语是题干的主语children,所填词与逻辑主语是被动关系,故用过去分词,选D。
22. B【解析】考查虚拟语气。根据主语的谓语动词形式可知题干表示与过去的事实相反,从句谓语动词用had+过去分词,故选B。
23.____your own needs and styles of communication is as important as learning to
convey your affection and emotions.
A. UnderstandingB. To be understood
€. Being understoodD. Having understood
23. A【解析】考查非谓语动词。所填词做题干的主语,应用动名词形式,且是陈述一个客观事实,用动名词的一般式,故选A。
24.As John Lennon once said,life is_____ happens to you while you are busy making other plans.
24. C【解析】考查名词性从句。所填词引导表语从句,引导词做从句的主语,指物,用what,故选C。
25.— I’ve prepared all kinds of food for the picnic.
—Do you mean we_____ bring anything with us?
A. can’t B. mustn’tC. shan’t D. needn't
25. D【解析】考查情态动词。题干意思是:——我已经准备好了野餐要带的各种食物。——你的意思是我们不必带食物了吗?由此可知所填词意思是“不必”,故选D。
26; You will never gain successyou are fully devoted to your work*
26. D【解析】考查状语从句。题干意为:除非你全身心地投入到你的工作中,否则你就不会获得成功。所填词引导条件状语从句,意思是“除非,如果不”,故选D。
27.There is no greater pleasure than lying on my back in the middle of the grassland, _____at the night sky.
27. B【解析】考查非谓语动词。所填词做伴随状语,与lying的动作同时进行,且与逻辑主语是主动关系,用v-ing的一般式,故选B。
28.Since the time humankind started gardening, we _____to make our environment more beautiful.
A. try B. have been trying
C. are tryingD. will try
28. B【解析】考查动词时态。根据since引导的时间状语从句可知所填词表示“从过去一直持续到现在的动作”,强调其持续性,应用现在完成进行时,故选B。
29.Only when you can find peace in your heart _____good relationships with others.
A. will you keep B. you will keep C. you keptD. did you keep
29. A【解析】考查特殊句式。Only所修饰的状语位于句首时,主句用部分倒装句,即将主句谓语中的助动词、系动词或情态动词提到主句的主语前,根据从句可知主句用一般将来时,故选A。
30.what you’re doing today important, because you’re trading a day of your life
for it
30. A【解析】考查谓语动词。根据because一词可知其前是一个句子,所填词做其谓语,应用谓语动词,根据从句的时态可知所填词用一般现在时,所填词应用动词原形,故选A。
31.1 am looking forward to the daymy daughter can read this book and know my
feelings for her.
32. C【解析】考查主谓一致和动词时态。根据表语a small piece of land可知谓语用单数,而根据从句的时态可知所填词用一般现在时,故选C。
33.It’s not doing the things we like, but liking the things we have to domakes life happy.
C.developments D. existing efforts
68.What are Katy Janda’s words mainly about?
A.The importance of changing building users, habits.
B.The necessity of making a careful building design.
C.The variety of consumption patterns of building users.
D.The role of technology in improving energy efficiency.
69.The information gap in energy use _______.
A.can be bridged by feedback facilities
B.affects the study on energy monitors
C. brings about problems for smart meters
D.will be caused by building users’ old habits
70.What does the dimension added by social science research suggest?
A.The social science research is to be furthered.
B.The education programme is under discussion.
C.The behaviour of building users is unpredictable.
D.The behaviour preference of building users is similar.
【文章大意】本文是一篇科普说明文,大意是说明建筑物的使用者的行为至少和它的设计一样的重要,即人们家庭对于能源的消费量直接影响我们的生活环境的质量。
66. B【解析】推理判断题。根据文章首句可知英国能源研究中心的研究表明了人们行为举止对环境的重要性,故选B。
67. D【解析】词义猜测题。Which引导非限制性定语从句,其先行词是existing efforts,故选D。
68. A【解析】推理判断题。根据第三自然段中的consumption patterns of building users can defeat the most careful design一句可知专家强调改变人们的家庭生活习惯的重要性,故选A。
69. A【解析】细节理解题。根据第四自然段中的最后一句可知本题选A。
70. C【解析】细节理解题。根据第五自然段的首句可知人们在家庭的行为活动是不可预知的,故选C。
Part IV Writing (45 marks)
Section A (10 marks)
Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in the numbered blanks by using the information from the passage.
Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer.
Many of us invest valuable time,energy and money planning our vacations. We do this because we know for sure that going on vacations must be good for us. Research proves this feeling without a doubt. Vacations help us perform better at work, improve our sleep quality and cushion us against depression.
Yet, despite these benefits, many of us return home with a feeling that our last vacation was OK - but not great. In order to change this, some mistakes should be avoided. A classic one for vacation planners is attempting to maximize value for money by planning trips that have too many components (组成部分)• Perhaps you’re planning a trip to Europe, seven cities in 10 days,and you realize it will cost only a little more to add two more destinations to the list Sounds fine in theory, but hopping from one place to the next hardly gives an opportunity to experience what psychologists call mindfulness - time to take in our new surroundings, time to be present and absorb our travel experiences. Another mistake is that we worry too much about strategic issues such as how to find a good flight deal,how to get from A to B,or which destinations to add or subtract from our journey. These issues may seem important, but our psychological state of mind is far more important.
Actually, vacation happiness is based on the following top rules. First, choose your travel companions wisely, because nothing contributes more significantly to a trip than the right companions. Second,don’t spend your vacation time in a place where everything is too expensive so as to maintain a positive mood. Third, shop wisely, for meaningful experiences provide more long-term happiness than physical possessions.
Section A
71. vocations【解析】通读全文,且根据文中多次提到的vocation可知本文大意是关于快乐的假期,故此处用vocations.
72. performance【解析】根据第一自然段中的Vocations help us perform better at work一句可知此处用perform的名词形式performance。
73. quality of sleep【解析】由第一自然段最后一句中的improve our sleep quality可知答案。
74. attempt【解析】根据第二自然段中的A classic one for vocation planners is attempting to maximize value for money…可知此处用attempt。
75. worry【解析】根据第二自然段中的Another mistake is that we worry too much…可知此处用worry。
76. good flight deal【解析】根据第二自然段中的…such as how to find a good flight deal可知答案。
77. adding【解析】根据第二自然段中的or which destination to add or subtract from our journey可知此处用adding。
78. rules【解析】根据第三自然段首句中的the following top rules可知此处用rules。
79. choice【解析】根据第三自然段中的First, choose your companions wisely可知此处用choice。
80. shopping wisely【解析】根据本段中的Third, shop wisely可知此处用shopping wisely。
Section B (10 marks)
Directions: Read the following passage. Answer the questions according to the
information given in the passage.
Kids and Ponds
Years ago there was a group of kids who would hang around at some local ponds in the woods near their houses in Warwick, Rhode Island. In summer they caught frogs and fish. When winter arrived they couldn’t wait to go skating. Time passed, and the ponds became the only open space for the kids to enjoy themselves in that neighborhood.
One day. a thirteen-year-old boy from this group of kids read in the local newspaper that a developer wanted to fill in the ponds and build over a hundred small houses called condominiums. So the boy went door to door and gathered more than two hundred signatures (签名)to stop the development A group of citizens met and decided to support him.
At the meeting of the town planning board (委员会),the boy was quite nervous at first and spoke very softly. But when he saw the faces of his friends and neighbors in the crowd and thought about what was happening to their favorite ponds,his voice grew louder. He told the town officials that they should speak for the citizens. He also insisted that they should leave enough space for children. A few days later,the developer stopped his plan.
Nine years later, when that teen was a senior in college, he was informed that the developer was back with his proposal to build condominiums. Now twenty-two years old, he was studying wetlands ecology. He again appeared before the town planning board. This time as an expert witness, he used environmental protection laws to explain restrictions on development in and around wetlands and the knowledge of wetlands ecology to help improve the development. Finally some condominiums were built, but less than half the number the developer wanted. The ponds where those kids used to hang around were protected by a strip of natural land,and are still there today.
81. What did the kids like to do at the local ponds in winter?
(No more than 6 words)(2 marks)
82. How did the boy win the citizens’ support? | |
(No more than 10 words) | (2 marks) |
83. What did the boy tell the town officials? | |
(No more than 16 words) | (3 marks) |
84.What helped the boy to protect the ponds successfully nine years later? | |
(No more than 12 words) | (3 marks) |
Section B
81. They liked to go skating. 【解析】根据第一自然段中的When winter arrived they couldn’t wait to go skating.可知在冬天他们喜欢去滑冰。
82. They went door to door and gathered their signatures. 【解析】根据第二自然段的倒数第二句中so the boy went door to door and gathered more than two hundred signatures to stop the development.一句可知男孩是通过挨家挨户去居民家里去争取人们的签名支持。
83. He told them they should speak for the citizens and leave enough space for children. 【解析】根据第三自然段中的He also insisted that they should leave enough space for children可知答案。
84. Environmental protection laws and the knowledge of wetlands ecology helped them. 【解析】根据最后一自然段中的he used environmental protection laws to explain restrictions on development in and around wetlands and the knowledge of wetlands ecology to help improve the development.可知答案。
Section C (25 marks)
Directions: Write an English composition according to the instructions given below.
学校正在组织科技创新大赛,你想为日常生活中某件物品(如钢笔、书包、鞋
子……)设计添加新功能来参赛。请以“My Magic”为题写~篇英语短文,介
绍你的创意。
内容:
1.说明设计理由
2.介绍新功能。
注意;:
1.词数不少于120个t
2.不能使用真实姓名和学校名称。
Section C
【思路点拨】本题是一篇半开放作文,但对考生的英语语言运用能力要求较高,因此考生要注意仔细审题,审题主要是从一下几个方面着手:(1)体裁:说明文;(2)主体时态:一般现在时;(3)主体人称:第三人称单数;(4)内容要点:①新设计的名称和用途;②设计原理(理由);③功能介绍。除过做好审题环节外,在写作时还要注意使用较高级的词汇和较复杂的句式结构,并注意行文的逻辑性和连贯性。另外要注意书写和标点符号的准确使用。
【参考范文】
【范文点评】
2014湖南卷答案解析
【名师简评】本试题注重了对考生英语的基础知识和基本能力考查,重点突出,如语言运用题中对于非谓语动词考查是重点,差不多达到了单选题的30%,另外还考查了三大从句,动词时态,情态动词,虚拟语气,特殊句式,主谓一致等基础知识;完形填空题两篇文章选材多样,设问灵活,着重与对语篇理解,行文逻辑和词汇知识的考查;阅读理解题选材新颖,设问层次感强,涵盖了阅读理解题的常用设问形式,问题区分度好;写作部分对考生的英语语言运用能力要求较高,考生可以适当的发挥,使其个性得到一定程度的张扬。总之,本试题有很好的导向性和前瞻性。
21. D【解析】考查非谓语动词。由when可知所填词做题干的时间状语,逻辑主语是题干的主语children,所填词与逻辑主语是被动关系,故用过去分词,选D。
22. B【解析】考查虚拟语气。根据主语的谓语动词形式可知题干表示与过去的事实相反,从句谓语动词用had+过去分词,故选B。
23. A【解析】考查非谓语动词。所填词做题干的主语,应用动名词形式,且是陈述一个客观事实,用动名词的一般式,故选A。
24. C【解析】考查名词性从句。所填词引导表语从句,引导词做从句的主语,指物,用what,故选C。
25. D【解析】考查情态动词。题干意思是:——我已经准备好了野餐要带的各种食物。——你的意思是我们不必带食物了吗?由此可知所填词意思是“不必”,故选D。
26. D【解析】考查状语从句。题干意为:除非你全身心地投入到你的工作中,否则你就不会获得成功。所填词引导条件状语从句,意思是“除非,如果不”,故选D。
27. B【解析】考查非谓语动词。所填词做伴随状语,与lying的动作同时进行,且与逻辑主语是主动关系,用v-ing的一般式,故选B。
28. B【解析】考查动词时态。根据since引导的时间状语从句可知所填词表示“从过去一直持续到现在的动作”,强调其持续性,应用现在完成进行时,故选B。
29. A【解析】考查特殊句式。Only所修饰的状语位于句首时,主句用部分倒装句,即将主句谓语中的助动词、系动词或情态动词提到主句的主语前,根据从句可知主句用一般将来时,故选A。
30. A【解析】考查谓语动词。根据because一词可知其前是一个句子,所填词做其谓语,应用谓语动词,根据从句的时态可知所填词用一般现在时,所填词应用动词原形,故选A。
31. C【解析】考查定语从句。先行词是day,关系词在从句中做时间状语,应用关系副词when,故选C。
32. C【解析】考查主谓一致和动词时态。根据表语a small piece of land可知谓语用单数,而根据从句的时态可知所填词用一般现在时,故选C。
33. A【解析】考查强调句型。被强调部分是not doing the things we like, but liking the things we have to do,指动作(物),故用that,选A。
34. D【解析】考查动词时态。分析题干可知本句是陈述一个客观事实,应用一般现在时,所填词用原形,故选D。
35. C【解析】考查非谓语动词。题干意思是:为了使我们自己从句身体和心理的紧张中解脱出来,我们每个人都需要深度思考和内心的安宁。所填词做目的状语,应用动词不定式,故选C。
Section B
【文章大意】在“我”上大学前的那个假期里,母亲教“我”熨烫衣服的方法,并以此为例,教给了“我”人生的哲理。母亲的那次“教熨烫衣服课”使“我”受益匪浅。
36. A【解析】根据空后的介词for可以推断出所填词意思是“原因,理由”,选A。
37. D【解析】句意是:我将要独立,所以必须学会这些重要的技能。所填词意思是“独立的”,做表语,故选D。
38. C【解析】根据前一分句中的meeting new people可以推断出所填词与make构成固定搭配,意思是“给……留下……印象”,故选C。
39. B【解析】根据后几句的意思可知本句意思是:但熨烫衣服不是一件简单的工作。故选B。
40. C【解析】根据ice-skating可以推断出所填词意思是“平坦的,顺利的”,故选C。
41. D【解析】根据后两句可以可知本句意思是:还有,熨斗产生蒸汽,它有一些危险因素存在。故选D。
42. A【解析】go away意为“消失,离开”;fall down意为“失败,倒塌”;jump off意为“跳下,开始行动”;look up意为“打量,抬头看”。句意是:当你走开时忘了关电源,你有可能会烧着整个房子。故选A。
43. A【解析】根据第一自然段中的I’m going to teach you to iron可知此处选A。
44. C【解析】句意是:每个人都能看见。故选C。
45. D【解析】根据skillfully可知“我”能数量地熨烫衣服,那么应该是有种“自豪感”,故选D。
46. B【解析】句意是:此外,通过熨烫衣服,我甚至学会了解决最棘手的问题的方法。所填词表示进一步补充说明,意为“此外,还有”,故选B。
47. B【解析】make up意为“弥补,编造,组成”;deal with意为“处理,对付”;ask for谓语“要求,请求”;rely on意为“依靠”。句意是:一次对付一个褶皱的地方。故选B。
Section C
【文章大意】本文大意是说明处理好邻里关系的重要性。
48. them 【解析】所填词指代前文中的neighbors,做宾语,故用them。
49. others【解析】句意是:邻里一个重要的优秀品质是我他人着想。故用others.
50. which/that【解析】引导定语从句,先行词是things,指物,关系词在从句中做主语,故用which或that。
51. and【解析】分句句意可知前后句是相加顺延关系,故用连词and。
52. a【解析】relationship意为“关系”,在此处用作可数名词单数,故前加不定冠词a。
53. but【解析】根据前一句中的avoid和后一句中的unavoidable可知此处所填词表转折,故用连词but。
54. If/When【解析】句意是:如果(当)邻居们想要和睦相处时,他们会互相忍让。所填词引导条件或时间状语从句,故用if或when。
55. in【解析】所填词与peace构成固定短语,意思是“和平地”,用介词in。
Part III
A
【文章大意】本文是两篇广告,大意是介绍了两个针对青少年学生的写作培训课程的具体内容。
56. D【解析】细节理解题。根据Towner Writer Squad for kids aged 13-17中的第二自然段的最后一句可知本题选D。
57. A【解析】细节理解题。根据Application & Selection中的首句可知要申请参加此培训课的学院要带上自己的一篇习作,故选A。
58. B【解析】细节理解题。根据Deadline for applications: 8 September 2014一句可知申请者的截止日期是2014年9月8日,故选B。
59. B【解析】细节理解题。根据Beginner Writing Project for Kids aged 10-13中的build confidence and have fun while writing可知本题选B。
60. C【解析】细节理解题。根据第二篇广告的最后一句可知本题选C。
B
【文章大意】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文,大意是介绍最有价值的一堂数学课。“我”的数学老师每次上课都让学生们口头回答前一天的数学题,她通常是按学生的座号的顺序或倒序进行提问,而“我”的座号是全班的中间,所以每次提问时“我”都能按顺序算好自己该回答那个题,然后就这一个题做好准备。但那天却出了问题,“我”虽然计算好了自己要回到的问题,但有几个同学请假了,老师提问的不是“我”准备的问题,当老师提问到“我”时,“我”说:我得到了零。老师说:对。原来那个题的答案就是零。“我”居然回答对了。从那堂课“我”得到了很多启示,是最有价值的一堂课。
61. D【解析】句意猜测题。文中划线句的意思是:做那些额外的事都是浪费精力,即做需要做的事就足够了,故选D。
62. C【解析】细节理解题。根据第三自然段的最后一句可知数学老师常常让学生在课堂上口头回答前一天的数学作业题,故选C。
63. A【解析】推理判断题。根据第四自然段的最后一句可知老师提问的顺序通常是按座号的顺序或倒序,即老师的提问是有规律的,故选A。
64. B【解析】细节理解题。根据第六自然段的首句可知“我”没有算准要回答的问题的原因在于有几个同学缺课了,故选B。
65. D【解析】主旨大意题。根据最后一句可以推断出本文大意是:最有价值的一堂课,故选D。
C
【文章大意】本文是一篇科普说明文,大意是说明建筑物的使用者的行为至少和它的设计一样的重要,即人们家庭对于能源的消费量直接影响我们的生活环境的质量。
66. B【解析】推理判断题。根据文章首句可知英国能源研究中心的研究表明了人们行为举止对环境的重要性,故选B。
67. D【解析】词义猜测题。Which引导非限制性定语从句,其先行词是existing efforts,故选D。
68. A【解析】推理判断题。根据第三自然段中的consumption patterns of building users can defeat the most careful design一句可知专家强调改变人们的家庭生活习惯的重要性,故选A。
69. A【解析】细节理解题。根据第四自然段中的最后一句可知本题选A。
70. C【解析】细节理解题。根据第五自然段的首句可知人们在家庭的行为活动是不可预知的,故选C。
Part IV Writing
Section A
71. vocations【解析】通读全文,且根据文中多次提到的vocation可知本文大意是关于快乐的假期,故此处用vocations.
72. performance【解析】根据第一自然段中的Vocations help us perform better at work一句可知此处用perform的名词形式performance。
73. quality of sleep【解析】由第一自然段最后一句中的improve our sleep quality可知答案。
74. attempt【解析】根据第二自然段中的A classic one for vocation planners is attempting to maximize value for money…可知此处用attempt。
75. worry【解析】根据第二自然段中的Another mistake is that we worry too much…可知此处用worry。
76. good flight deal【解析】根据第二自然段中的…such as how to find a good flight deal可知答案。
77. adding【解析】根据第二自然段中的or which destination to add or subtract from our journey可知此处用adding。
78. rules【解析】根据第三自然段首句中的the following top rules可知此处用rules。
79. choice【解析】根据第三自然段中的First, choose your companions wisely可知此处用choice。
80. shopping wisely【解析】根据本段中的Third, shop wisely可知此处用shopping wisely。
Section B
81. They liked to go skating. 【解析】根据第一自然段中的When winter arrived they couldn’t wait to go skating.可知在冬天他们喜欢去滑冰。
82. They went door to door and gathered their signatures. 【解析】根据第二自然段的倒数第二句中so the boy went door to door and gathered more than two hundred signatures to stop the development.一句可知男孩是通过挨家挨户去居民家里去争取人们的签名支持。
83. He told them they should speak for the citizens and leave enough space for children. 【解析】根据第三自然段中的He also insisted that they should leave enough space for children可知答案。
84. Environmental protection laws and the knowledge of wetlands ecology helped them. 【解析】根据最后一自然段中的he used environmental protection laws to explain restrictions on development in and around wetlands and the knowledge of wetlands ecology to help improve the development.可知答案。
Section C
【思路点拨】本题是一篇半开放作文,但对考生的英语语言运用能力要求较高,因此考生要注意仔细审题,审题主要是从一下几个方面着手:(1)体裁:说明文;(2)主体时态:一般现在时;(3)主体人称:第三人称单数;(4)内容要点:①新设计的名称和用途;②设计原理(理由);③功能介绍。除过做好审题环节外,在写作时还要注意使用较高级的词汇和较复杂的句式结构,并注意行文的逻辑性和连贯性。另外要注意书写和标点符号的准确使用。
【参考范文】
【范文点评】